Safety / Survival / Army Field Manuals / AFM 3-05.70

Appendix E

DESCRIPTIONS OF VENOMOUS SNAKES

Common adder

Vipera berus

Description: Its color is variable. Some adult specimens are completely black, while others have a dark zigzag pattern running along the back.

Characteristics: The common adder is a small true viper that has a short temper and often strikes without hesitation. Its venom is hemotoxic, destroying blood cells and causing tissue damage. Most injuries occur to campers, hikers, and field workers.

Habitat: Common adders are found in a variety of habitats, from grassy fields to rocky slopes, and on farms and cultivated lands.

Length: Average 45 centimeters (18 inches), maximum 60 centimeters (24 inches).

Distribution: Very common throughout most of Europe; northern Morocco (Figure E-18).

Figure E-18. Common Adder Habitat

Survival index

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